Water Purification SolutionsThe
Supply and Installation of Water Filters, Counter &
Under Counter Water Filter Systems, Reverse Osmosis, Whole House
Filtration, Stabilisation Systems, Dam & Borehole Filtration & Specialised Filtration Requirements
Water Problems
Acidic Water
Algae
Auminium
Arsenic
Bacteria
Chlorine
Copper
Fluoride
Hardness
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Nitrate
pH
Silica
Scaling
Staining
Tannins
TDS
Turbidity
Filter Types
Counter Top
Under Counter
Reverse Osmosis
Distillation
Point of Entry
Whole House
Conditioners
Fridge Filters
Accessories
& Parts
Filters
& Cartridges
Light Commercial Systems
Products - Water Conditioners & Softeners
Conditioners
A conditioner is simply a vessel that is used with any of the following media ( Birm Sand, Greensand, Tannin Softener, general Softener, stabiliser , soda potash, chlorine etc ) to change the properties of the feedwater .
The most commonly used are for Iron & manganese removal and water softening.
Iron Removal - The acceptable limit for drinking water is 0.3 mg/L
Iron may be found in both surface and ground waters, but is more commonly a problem in the latter ( Wells, Wellpoints and Boreholes). In water exposed to the atmosphere, ferrous iron (Fe++) is readily oxidized to ferric iron (Fe+++) by oxygen, and various relatively insoluble precipitates are formed.
Surface waters containing sufficient soluble iron to cause significant problems are fairly rare in the uSA but common in South Africa.In an environment like this molecular oxygen is not readily available and insoluble ferric iron may be reduced to the soluble ferrous form.
Fe +++ is is much less soluble and tends to form precipitates that vary in color from yellow to brown to red. These particles make the water unsightly and can cause staining of plumbing fixtures, interfere with cleaning and washing activities, and impart an unpleasant taste to the water.
In most natural waters, the ferrous form is readily oxidized to the ferric form by contact with molecular oxygen. Certain attached filamentous bacteria (Crenothrix and Leptothrix)
derive energy by oxidizing iron and storing the oxidized form in their structure. These organisms are especially troublesome to water systems because they take up residence in piping systems. Occasionally clumps of organisms, in the form of gelatinous masses, break away and are entrained in the flow.
Periodic severe iron problems may result. The diversity of iron problems are such that control techniques must be tailored to fit specific situations. An important first step is to determine what form the iron is in and what concentration is present. ( Water Test is imperitive)
Secondly, the possibility that the iron is present as a result of corrosion should be investigated if applicable. It is generally better to control the corrosion process than remove the iron after corrosion occurs.
Iron can be sequestered / chelated by various “corrosion inhibitors” such as polyphosphates, or may be removed from water by ion exchange/adsorption or by a combination of oxidation, sedimentation, and filtration. The latter process is widely used, with oxygen, chlorine, and potassium permanganate all finding substantial usage as the oxidant.
Removal Technology
is specified according to the iron concentration , required flow rate and pressure. For low pressure systems below 2 bars swimming pool filters can be used with Birm Sand or Greensand. For higher pressure , above 2.5 bars to 8 bars , vertical 25, 50 or 75 Liter tanks with autobackwash facilities are usually the norm.
Polyphosphates. When the iron is in the ferrous ( Fe++ dissolved, colorless) state and the concentration is no more than about 3 mg/L, the most convenient approach may be to
simply mask the problem by adding polyphosphates such as sodium hexamethaphosphate.
( Clarophos, Microphos and Siliphos )
These compounds act as chelating agents to sequester the iron prior to precipitation.
Therefore, they should be applied before oxidation occurs. The sequestering process may be thought of simply as preventing the iron from entering into the reactions that produce
precipitates. The iron is not removed from the water.
1 Kg Microplus Descaler
Crystals - Treats 100 000L waterIron Removal via Media Filter Systems
- If you have a drinking water problem we can probably help you with your requirements . If you are interested in Bottling Water then please have a look here
e-mail us for assistance
Aqua Elite - Box 1360 - Somerset West - South Africa
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